Prophecy 17 of 30 · Divine Son
A child born: Mighty God
A child born to us, with the government on his shoulders, named Wonderful Counsellor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace, on David's throne forever.
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Hebrew · Leningrad Codexעִבְרִית
5כִּי־יֶ֣לֶד יֻלַּד־לָ֗נוּ בֵּ֚ן נִתַּן־לָ֔נוּ וַתְּהִ֥י הַמִּשְׂרָ֖ה עַל־שִׁכְמ֑וֹ וַיִּקְרָ֨א שְׁמ֜וֹ פֶּ֠לֶא יוֹעֵץ֙ אֵ֣ל גִּבּ֔וֹר אֲבִי עַ֖ד שַׂר־שָׁלֽוֹם׃ki-yeled yullad-lanu ben nittan-lanu vattehi hammisra al-shikhmo vayyikra shemo pele yo'etz el gibbor avi ad sar-shalom
6לםרבה [לְמַרְבֵּ֨ה] הַמִּשְׂרָ֜ה וּלְשָׁל֣וֹם אֵֽין־קֵ֗ץ עַל־כִּסֵּ֤א דָוִד֙ וְעַל־מַמְלַכְתּ֔וֹ לְהָכִ֤ין אֹתָהּ֙ וּֽלְסַעֲדָ֔הּ בְּמִשְׁפָּ֖ט וּבִצְדָקָ֑ה מֵעַתָּה֙ וְעַד־עוֹלָ֔ם קִנְאַ֛ת יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת תַּעֲשֶׂה־זֹּֽאת׃lemarbe hammisra uleshalom en-ketz al-kisse david ve'al-mamlakhto lehakhin otah ulesa'adah bemishpat uvitzdaka me'atta ve'ad-olam kin'at ADONAI tzevaot ta'ase-zot
JPS 1917 · Jewish translation
5For a child is born unto us, a son is given unto us; and the government is upon his shoulder; and his name is called Pele-joez-el-gibbor Abi-ad-sar-shalom;
6That the government may be increased, and of peace there be no end, upon the throne of David, and upon his kingdom, to establish it, and to uphold it through justice and through righteousness From henceforth even for ever. The zeal of the LORD of hosts doth perform this.
World Messianic Bible
6For a child is born to us. A son is given to us; and the government will be on his shoulders. His name will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace.For a child is born to us. A son is given to us; and the government will be on his shoulders. His name will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace.
7Of the increase of his government and of peace there shall be no end, on David’s throne, and on his kingdom, to establish it, and to uphold it with justice and with righteousness from that time on, even forever. The zeal of the LORD of Hosts will perform this.Of the increase of his government and of peace there shall be no end, on David’s throne, and on his kingdom, to establish it, and to uphold it with justice and with righteousness from that time on, even forever. The zeal of Yahweh of Armies will perform this.
Isaiah 9:5-6 in Hebrew numbering; Isaiah 9:6-7 in English Bibles. Transliteration simplified. Read the whole chapter
Fulfilment · New CovenantWMB
Luke 1:32-33 He will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High. The Lord God will give him the throne of his father David, and he will reign over the house of Jacob forever. There will be no end to his Kingdom.”
Luke 2:11 For there is born to you today, in David’s city, a Savior, who is Messiah the Lord.
John 1:1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.
How rabbinic tradition reads it
JPS 1917 keeps it as one Hebrew name (Pele-joez-el-gibbor-Abi-ad-sar-shalom) and its footnote reads it as a sentence about God ("Wonderful in counsel is God the mighty, the everlasting Father, the Ruler of peace"); Rashi applies the child to Hezekiah. Targum Jonathan, though, says the child's name is "the Messiah, in whose days peace will increase".
Why Messianic Jews read it as Yeshua
El gibbor ("Mighty God") is used of God himself in the next chapter (10:21). The child rules on David's throne "from now on and forever", more than any king of Judah did.
Look at the text for yourself
Read Isaiah 9:5-6 slowly, in the Hebrew and the JPS translation above. Then ask the question the Ethiopian official asked: "Who is the prophet talking about?"
Sources
- Targum Jonathan on Isaiah 9:5
- Isaiah 10:21
- Rashi on Isaiah 9:5
- Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (public domain), via OpenScriptures. English: JPS 1917; World Messianic Bible (public domain).
