Prophecy 5 of 30 · Sacrifice
The Passover lamb
A lamb without blemish, its blood on the doorposts, and not one of its bones broken.
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Hebrew · Leningrad Codexעִבְרִית
5שֶׂ֥ה תָמִ֛ים זָכָ֥ר בֶּן־שָׁנָ֖ה יִהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֑ם מִן־הַכְּבָשִׂ֥ים וּמִן־הָעִזִּ֖ים תִּקָּֽחוּ׃se tamim zakhar ben-shana yihye lakhem min-hakkevasim umin-ha'izzim tikkachu
6וְהָיָ֤ה לָכֶם֙ לְמִשְׁמֶ֔רֶת עַ֣ד אַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ֛ר י֖וֹם לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַזֶּ֑ה וְשָׁחֲט֣וּ אֹת֗וֹ כֹּ֛ל קְהַ֥ל עֲדַֽת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בֵּ֥ין הָעַרְבָּֽיִם׃vehaya lakhem lemishmeret ad arba'a asar yom lachodesh hazze veshachatu oto kol kehal adat-yisra'el ben ha'arbayim
7וְלָֽקְחוּ֙ מִן־הַדָּ֔ם וְנָֽתְנ֛וּ עַל־שְׁתֵּ֥י הַמְּזוּזֹ֖ת וְעַל־הַמַּשְׁק֑וֹף עַ֚ל הַבָּ֣תִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־יֹאכְל֥וּ אֹת֖וֹ בָּהֶֽם׃velakchu min-haddam venatnu al-shete hammezuzot ve'al-hammashkof al habbattim asher-yokhlu oto bahem
JPS 1917 · Jewish translation
5Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male of the first year; ye shall take it from the sheep, or from the goats;
6and ye shall keep it unto the fourteenth day of the same month; and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it at dusk.
7And they shall take of the blood, and put it on the two side-posts and on the lintel, upon the houses wherein they shall eat it.
World Messianic Bible
5Your lamb shall be without defect, a male a year old. You shall take it from the sheep or from the goats.Your lamb shall be without defect, a male a year old. You shall take it from the sheep or from the goats.
6You shall keep it until the fourteenth day of the same month; and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it at evening.You shall keep it until the fourteenth day of the same month; and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it at evening.
7They shall take some of the blood, and put it on the two door posts and on the lintel, on the houses in which they shall eat it.They shall take some of the blood, and put it on the two door posts and on the lintel, on the houses in which they shall eat it.
Exodus 12:5-7. Transliteration simplified. Read the whole chapter
Also in this passage: Exodus 12:13, Exodus 12:46
13וְהָיָה֩ הַדָּ֨ם לָכֶ֜ם לְאֹ֗ת עַ֤ל הַבָּתִּים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אַתֶּ֣ם שָׁ֔ם וְרָאִ֨יתִי֙ אֶת־הַדָּ֔ם וּפָסַחְתִּ֖י עֲלֵכֶ֑ם וְלֹֽא־יִֽהְיֶ֨ה בָכֶ֥ם נֶ֨גֶף֙ לְמַשְׁחִ֔ית בְּהַכֹּתִ֖י בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃
vehaya haddam lakhem le'ot al habbattim asher attem sham vera'iti et-haddam ufasachti alekhem velo-yihye vakhem negef lemashchit behakkoti be'eretz mitzrayim
13And the blood shall be to you for a token upon the houses where ye are; and when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and there shall no plague be upon you to destroy you, when I smite the land of Egypt.
Exodus 12:13 (Hebrew & JPS 1917)
46בְּבַ֤יִת אֶחָד֙ יֵאָכֵ֔ל לֹא־תוֹצִ֧יא מִן־הַבַּ֛יִת מִן־הַבָּשָׂ֖ר ח֑וּצָה וְעֶ֖צֶם לֹ֥א תִשְׁבְּרוּ־בֽוֹ׃
bevayit echad ye'akhel lo-totzi min-habbayit min-habbasar chutza ve'etzem lo tishberu-vo
46In one house shall it be eaten; thou shalt not carry forth aught of the flesh abroad out of the house; neither shall ye break a bone thereof.
Exodus 12:46 (Hebrew & JPS 1917)
Fulfilment · New CovenantWMB
1 Corinthians 5:7 Purge out the old yeast, that you may be a new lump, even as you are unleavened. For indeed Messiah, our Passover, has been sacrificed in our place.
John 19:36 For these things happened that the Scripture might be fulfilled, “A bone of him will not be broken.”
1 Peter 1:18-19 knowing that you were redeemed, not with corruptible things like silver or gold, from the useless way of life handed down from your fathers, but with precious blood, as of a lamb without blemish or spot, the blood of Messiah,
How rabbinic tradition reads it
Passover remembers the Exodus. Since the Temple's destruction there's no lamb; the shank bone on the Seder plate recalls it.
Why Messianic Jews read it as Yeshua
Yeshua was crucified at Passover. John notes his bones weren't broken, "that the Scripture might be fulfilled", and Paul calls him "our Passover".
Look at the text for yourself
Read Exodus 12:5-7 slowly, in the Hebrew and the JPS translation above. Then ask the question the Ethiopian official asked: "Who is the prophet talking about?"
Sources
- Mishnah Pesachim 10
- The Seder plate (zeroa)
- Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (public domain), via OpenScriptures. English: JPS 1917; World Messianic Bible (public domain).